Carbohydrates - Chemical Structure (Page 2 of 3)

Carbohydrates - Chemical Structure (Page 2 of 3):



'via Blog this'Relative sweetness of various carbohydrates

fructose	173
invert sugar*	120
HFCS (42% fructose)	120
sucrose	100
xylitol	100
tagatose	92
glucose	74
high-DE corn syrup	70
sorbitol	55
mannitol	50
trehalose	45
regular corn syrup	40
galactose	32
maltose	32
lactose	15

* invert sugar is a mixture of glucose and fructose found in fruits

A solvent system for delipidation of plasma or serum without protein precipitation.

A solvent system for delipidation of plasma or serum without protein precipitation.:



'via Blog this'A technique has been developed which attains in 30 minutes complete removal of triglyceride, cholesterol, phospholipid, and unesterified fatty acids from plasma without protein denaturation. Plasma is agitated at room temperature with a mixture of butanol and di-isopropyl either in a 40:60 (v/v) ratio. The plasma proteins, including the apolipoproteins, remain in solution in the aqueous phase, while the organic phase contains the dissolved lipids. The phases can easily be separated by low speed centrifugation. Different lipids are simultaneously extracted, but the rate of extraction is most rapid for unesterified fatty acids, followed by triglyceride, cholesterol, and phospholipid at, respectively, decreasing rates. Selective extraction of unesterified fatty acids, triglyceride and total cholesterol can be achieved by di-isopropyl ether alone. Ionic strength and pH are not altered by these procedures.

Oxidative Phospholipidomics in health and disease: achievements, challenges and hopes. - PubMed - NCBI

Oxidative Phospholipidomics in health and disease: achievements, challenges and hopes. - PubMed - NCBI:



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Understanding the Impact of Omega-3 Rich Diet on the Gut Microbiota. - PubMed - NCBI

Understanding the Impact of Omega-3 Rich Diet on the Gut Microbiota. - PubMed - NCBI:



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 simplified procedure for semi-targeted lipidomic analysis of oxidized phosphatidylcholines induced by UVA irradiation:



Combined samples from two identically treated wells in 2 ml methanol/acetic acid (3%)/BHT (0.01%) were supplemented with internal standard (1,2-dinonanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine [DNPC], 20 ng per sample) and transferred to a 20-ml acid-washed glass tube, which was placed into a 2-l beaker containing ice and constantly purged with argon. The top of the tube was below the edges of the argon-filled beaker, thus protecting the sample from contact with air. The samples were washed with 4 ml hexane/BHT (0.01%) that was supplied from a dispenser filled with argon. The tube was additionally purged with argon, closed with a teflon-lined screw cap, and vortexed. The hexane layer was aspirated; due to significant difference in densities of the solvents, hexane could be removed almost completely. Any potential loss of methanolic phase was corrected by the presence of internal standard. After the third wash, 4 ml chloroform/BHT (0.01%) and1.5 ml HCOOH (0.7 M) were added to the methanol phase, followed by vortexing. The lower organic phase was transferred to glass vials using a Pasteur pipette, dried under argon, and stored at −70°C until the mass spectrometry analysis.

Comprehensive analysis of lipids in biological systems by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (PDF Download Available)

Comprehensive analysis of lipids in biological systems by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (PDF Download Available):



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Oxidized phospholipids as biomarkers of tissue and cell damage with a focus on cardiolipin

Oxidized phospholipids as biomarkers of tissue and cell damage with a focus on cardiolipin:



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